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Compare San Marino (2001) - Baker Island (2002)

Compare San Marino (2001) z Baker Island (2002)

 San Marino (2001)Baker Island (2002)
 San MarinoBaker Island
Administrative divisions 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle -
Age structure 0-14 years:
15.88% (male 2,241; female 2,100)

15-64 years:
67.94% (male 9,048; female 9,525)

65 years and over:
16.18% (male 1,902; female 2,520) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides -
Airports none 1 abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m, completely covered with vegetation and unusable
Area total:
61.2 sq km

land:
61.2 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 1.4 sq km


land: 1.4 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background The third smallest state in Europe (after The Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor. The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast.
Birth rate 10.76 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$400 million

expenditures:
$400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)		 -
Capital San Marino -
Climate Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 4.8 km
Constitution 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution -
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of San Marino

conventional short form:
San Marino

local long form:
Repubblica di San Marino

local short form:
San Marino		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Baker Island
Currency Italian lira (ITL); euro (EUR) -
Death rate 7.68 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status - unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino -
Diplomatic representation in the US San Marino does not have an embassy in the US

honorary consulate(s) general:
Washington, DC, and New York

honorary consulate(s):
Detroit		 -
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $NA -
Economy - overview The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1999 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food. no economic activity
Electricity - consumption NA kWh -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh

note:
electric power supplied by Italy (1999)		 -
Electricity - imports NA kWh

note:
electricity supplied by Italy		 -
Electricity - production NA kWh -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
NA%

hydro:
NA%

nuclear:
NA%

other:
NA%		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Torrente Ausa 55 m

highest point:
Monte Titano 755 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 8 m
Environment - current issues NA no natural fresh water resources
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution		 -
Ethnic groups Sammarinese, Italian -
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); Italian lire per US dollar - 1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997), 1,542.9 (1996) -
Executive branch chief of state:
cochiefs of state Captain Regent Luigi LONFERNINI and Captain Regent Fabio BERARDI (for the period 1 April 2001-30 September 2001)

head of government:
Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Gabriele GATTI (since NA July 1986)

cabinet:
Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term

elections:
cochiefs of state (captain regents) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA March 2001 (next to be held NA September 2001); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held NA June 1998 (next to be held NA June 2003)

election results:
Luigi LONFERNINI and Fabio BERARDI elected captain regents; percent of legislative vote - NA; Gabriele GATTI reelected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA

note:
the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are three secretaries of state - Foreign Affairs, Internal Affairs, and Finance - and several additional secretaries; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed many of the prerogatives of a prime minister		 -
Exports trade data are included with the statistics for Italy -
Exports - commodities building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty) the flag of the US is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $860 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $32,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 8% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 43 46 N, 12 25 E 0 13 N, 176 31 W
Geography - note landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife
Highways total:
220 km

paved:
220 km

unpaved:
0 km (2001)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports trade data are included with the statistics for Italy -
Imports - commodities wide variety of consumer manufactures, food -
Independence 3 September 301 -
Industrial production growth rate 6% (1997 est.) -
Industries tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine -
Infant mortality rate 6.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.2% (2000) -
International organization participation CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII -
Labor force 18,500 (1999) -
Labor force - by occupation services 60%, industry 38%, agriculture 2% (1998 est.) -
Land boundaries total:
39 km

border countries:
Italy 39 km		 0 km
Land use arable land:
17%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
83% (1993 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages Italian -
Legal system based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction the laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 31 May 1998 (next likely to be held by NA June 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PDCS 40.8%, PSS 23.3%, PPDS 18.6%, APDS 9.8%, RC 3.3%, SR 4.2%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 14, PPDS 11, APDS 6, RC 2, SR 2		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
81.23 years

male:
77.68 years

female:
85.1 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 10 and over can read and write

total population:
96%

male:
97%

female:
95% (1976 est.)		 -
Location Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia
Map references Europe Oceania
Maritime claims none (landlocked) exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard
Military branches Voluntary Military Force, Police Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $700,000 (FY00) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301) -
Nationality noun:
Sammarinese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Sammarinese		 -
Natural hazards NA the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources building stone guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife
Net migration rate 11.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Mario VENTURINI]; San Marino Progressive Democratic Party or PPDS [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Augusto CASALI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 27,336 (July 2001 est.) uninhabited


note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 1.45% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors none none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 16,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km; note - there is a 1.5 km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore -
Religions Roman Catholic -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.09 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.07 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.75 male(s)/female

total population:
0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
adequate connections

domestic:
automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system

international:
connected to Italian international network		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 18,000 (1998) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 3,010 (1998) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997) -
Terrain rugged mountains low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef
Total fertility rate 1.3 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Transportation - note - there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast
Unemployment rate 3% (1999) -
Waterways none none
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